Opustaser ( mađ. Opusztaszer) je nacionalni spomen- park istorije Mađarske koji posetiocima priča o doseljavanju Mađara u Panonsku niziju, te utemeljenju mađarske nacije na ovim prostorima. Kompleks je udaljen 30 km od Segedina i prostire se na 55 hektara. Nakon kratke prepodnevne posete Segedinu, turistička agencija Putokaz 021 organizovala je fakultativni izlet do Opustasera – a to se nije smelo propustiti.
Deo izložbene postavke spomen- parka može se videti u Rotundi, njegovom centralnom objektu, a deo u bašti, u okviru etno- muzeja na otvorenom, koji nam pruža pogled u svet sa kraja 19. veka. Naš obilazak Opustasera ne bi bio potpun bez lokalnog vodiča Dore, koja je sa mnogo entuzijazma i energije pričala o svim događajima koji su se dogodila na tlu današnje Mađarske od 896. do 1896. godine.Zašto su ove dve godine važne? 896. godina je godina kada se sedam mađarskih plemena pod vođstvom Arpada trajno naseljava u mesto Ser ( mađ. Szer). 1896. godine se proslavljao milenijum od tog istorijskog događaja.Obilazak smo započeli u Rotundi, čija je svaka izložbena prostorija kamenčić jednog velikog mozaika kog smo na kraju obilaska poneli kući.
Rotunda je izgrađena u periodu od 1981. do 1991. godine, a njen oblik podseća na izgled tradicionalne nomadske kuće – jurte. Skelet ovih kuća bio je sačinjen od drveta, dok su se spolja oblagale filcom, najčešće od ovčije vune, kako ne bi propuštale vodu. Žene su bile zadužene za izgradnju jurte, a za sklapanje i raskapanje kuće bilo im je potrebno oko četiri sata. Žene su takođe ukrašavale eksterijer, najčešće simbolima u obliku trougla, jarkih boja, kako bi njima oterale zle duhove.
Svaka jurta delila se na muški i ženski deo. Muški deo je bio veći, i na zidovima muške strane visilo je oružje i oruđe koje su muškarci upotrebljavali. Međutim, i žene su umele da rukuju kombinovanim lukom i strelom, kao i jednoseklom sabljom, i bile su odlične u borbama. U sredini kuće nalazilo se ognjište, iznad kog se spremala hrana. Vatra se palila uz pomoć kresiva i kremena. Članovi plemena su verovali da u ognjištu žive duhovi njihovih predaka, pa su prvi zalogaj pri svakom obroku bacali u vatru, kako bi im ukazali čast. Iznad ognjišta nalazio se otvor kroz koji bi izlazio dim, a ulazio svež vazduh. Kako nisu imali prozore, ovaj otvor je služio i za osvetljenje. Pri ulasku u jurtu, članovi plemena su preskakali prag, jer je vladalo verovanje da i tu, ispod praga, žive duhovi predaka, koje ne bi trebalo probuditi.
I ja sam, kao i cela naša grupa, sa vodičem Srđanom, imala priliku da sedim u jurti, da zapalim vatru uz pomoć kremena i kresiva, da vidim različite strele koje su plemenima služila za lov na krupnu divljač, vodene ptice, ribe, ali i za odbranu od neprijatelja – strele koje su mogle da dosegnu daljinu i do 800m! Ovde smo mogli videti i njihovu tradicionalnu odeću, koja se uglavnom sastojala od pantalona, kaftana – gornjeg dela nalik na tuniku, i košulje, na čijim su obodima često bili istaknuti ukrasi od zlata ili srebra. Nakit je bio obavezan za sve bogatije članove plemena.
U drugoj izložbenoj prostoriji Rotunde mogu se videti i etape konstrukcije nekadašnjeg manastira, kao i i kalup zvona pronađenog u arheološkim istraživanjima u 20. veku. Manastir je prvenstveno bio jednodomna, pa četvorodomna crkva, zatim bazilika, pa manastir. U 16. veku biva uništen od strane Turaka, a u okviru otvorenog muzeja Opustasera mogu se videti njegovi ostaci, na jednom brdašcu. Kraj ruševina manastira nalazi se i biljna bašta sa 100 različitih vrsta biljaka, koje možete pomirisati i dodirnuti, ali ne i brati.
Međutim, zgrada Rotunde je prvenstveno sagrađena za potrebe čuvanja i prikazivanja kružne slike ,”Dolazak Mađara u Panonsku niziju”, poznatijom pod nazivom “Panorama Festi”. Sa prečnikom od 38m, dužinom od 120m i širinom od 15m, ovo je jedna od 50ak kružnih slika koje se mogu naći u svetu. Sliku je naslikao Arpad Festi sa svojim saradnicima 1896. godine, za proslavu milenijumske godišnjice od naseljavanja Mađara. Slikanje je trajalo 2 godine, a Arpad Festi oslikavao je nebo. Ovaj motiv uzeo je na predlog svog tasta, iako je prvenstveno želeo da slika motiv biblijske poplave. U slikanju je učestvovala i njegova žena, a pošto je bila amater u slikanju, njen zadatak je bio da slika mrtva tela, jer je to bilo mnogo lakše nego slikati ljude u pokretu. Slika je bila prvenstveno izložena u Budimpešti, pa u Londonu, a zatim je ponovo vraćena u Budimpeštu, gde je pogođena bombom za vreme Drugog svetskog rata i pretrpela veliku štetu. Restauraciju slike vršili su poljski slikari, a rekli su da je najteže bilo ponovo oslikati nebo – što samo govori o tome koliki je Arpad Festi bio umetnik.
Ova veličanstvena slika je zaista nešto najfascinantnije što sam do sada ikada videla na putovanjima. Dok sam se nalazila u centru kruga, pratila sam, u smeru kazaljke na satu, svetlosne snopove koji padaju na delove slike i na taj način se vratila 1122 godine unazad. Posmatrala sam kneza Arpada na belom konju, koji sa svojim poglavicama slavi pobedu nad starosedeocima. Vođa starosedelaca , ratnik Latorc, iščekuje svoju sudbinu, dok ga teše uplakane ćerke u poslednjim trenucima života. Svetlost zatim pada na Arpadovu ženu, koja predvodi dugu kolonu mađarskih doseljenika. Oko porušenog oltara starosedelaca vide se leševi poginulih vojnika. Njihove preživele žene čeka ropstvo… Sledeći prizor prikazuje plemenskog vrača koji prinosi žrtvu bogovima u vidu belog konja. Narod očekuje božiji znak, to jest dozvolu da se napokon negde trajno naseli. Beli dim koji kulja iz vatre znak je da su bogovi uslišili molbu Mađara. Osim što sam posmatrala, mogla sam i da čujem topot konja, plač udovica, koračanje doseljenika… Slika je toliko realistična da se zaista osećate kao deo nje. Bila mi je čast svedočiti ovom događaju.
Moja druga omiljena postavka u Rotundi jeste Promenada 1896. Građanski svet s kraja 19. veka prikazan je u jednoj velegradskoj ulici. Dame i gospoda šetaju ruku pod ruku u odelima i elegantnim haljinama, sa umerenim osmehom na licu – jer ih korseti, koje nose oba pola, veoma stežu. Korsete su nosile i trudnice, što je bio uzrok velike smrtnosti novorođenčadi u ovo vreme. Primetili smo i da su suknje damama postajale sve kraće, a razlog tome je veliki broj bakterija koje su duge suknje kupile pri hodu. Na ulici vidmo zaposlene ljude – u kafanama, restoranima, prodavnicama, pekarama, ali i siromašnu decu, prinuđenu na rad, koja prodaju novine ili čiste cipele gospodi. Tu je i prvi bicikl – koji nije imao kočnice, te je bilo veoma teško njime upravljati. Kažu da je gazio sve pred sobom, a da se kočilo jedino pri udaru u neku kuću ili drvo.
Iz Rotunde smo, pred kraj naše posete Opustaseru, izašli sa Dorom napolje i prošetali do Arpadovog mauzoleja, oko koga se nalaze skulpture važnih mađarskih vladara tokom vekova. Tu smo se popeli na brdašce sa koga smo posmatrali ruševine manastira, kao i ekološke jurte koje je projektovao arhitekta Csete. One su u ovo doba godine, nažalost, zatvorene, ali se nadam da ću njihov enterijer videti pri nekoj narednoj poseti Mađarskoj.
Poslednja postavka na otvorenom koju smo uspeli videti pre samog zatvaranja memorijalnog parka jeste segedinski salaš. Ovde žive domaće životinje – mangulica, mađarski pas puli i ovce, a tu su i opština, pošta, pekara i prodavnica koje su radnim danima otvorene i u kojima se mogu kupiti pecivo i namirnice. Tu je i par starih autentičnih segedinskih kuća koje su prenete u park kako bi ostale sačuvane u svom prvobitnom obliku.
Jedno popodne u Opustaseru bilo je dovoljno da vidim, doživim i naučim nešto o istoriji Mađarske. Zaista sam zadivljena onim što me je ovde dočekalo: gostoprimstvom i ljubaznošću mlade Dore, celokupnim ambijentom i onim što Mađari ostavljaju budućim pokolenjima, kako nikad ne bi zaboravila svoju istoriju.
Da li biste vi posetili Opustaser?
Ovo putovanje omogućila mi je turistička agencija Putokaz 021 iz Novog Sada. Na njihovoj Facebook stranici možete videti sve ponude za naredni period. Možda se i vidimo na nekoj od narednih tura 😉
97 replies on “Izlet u Opustaser: lekcija iz mađarske istorije”
Sjajna reportaža. Komplimenti.
Hvala Vam!
Super je! Baš si sve lepo sročila da bude zanimljivo i edukativno ujedno.
Hvala Zvezdo ?
Pretty great post. I simply stumbled upon your blog and wanted to mention that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing on your feed and I hope you write again soon!
Whats up very nice website!! Guy .. Beautiful .. Amazing .. I will bookmark your web site and take the feeds also? I am satisfied to find so many useful information here in the publish, we need develop more strategies in this regard, thank you for sharing. . . . . .
Nice blog here! Also your site a lot up fast! What host are you the use of? Can I am getting your associate link for your host? I want my website loaded up as fast as yours lol
Thank you for any other wonderful article. Where else may anyone get that kind of information in such a perfect approach of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am at the look for such information.
It’s really very difficult in this busy life to listen news on TV, so I only use world wide web for that purpose, and get the newest news.
Hey! I know this is kinda off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this site? I’m getting fed up of WordPress because I’ve had issues with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform. I would be great if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.
Heya are using WordPress for your blog platform? I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and create my own. Do you need any coding knowledge to make your own blog? Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Hi to all, it’s actually a nice for me to visit this web site, it consists of valuable Information.
Hi, i feel that i saw you visited my website so i got here to go back the want?.I am trying to find things to improve my website!I assume its good enough to use some of your concepts!!
I enjoy, cause I found exactly what I used to be looking for. You have ended my 4 day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye
Heya i’m for the first time here. I came across this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to give something back and help others like you helped me.
I will right away clutch your rss as I can not in finding your email subscription link or newsletter service. Do you have any? Please allow me recognize so that I may subscribe. Thanks.
Have you ever thought about publishing an e-book or guest authoring on other sites? I have a blog centered on the same subjects you discuss and would really like to have you share some stories/information. I know my viewers would enjoy your work. If you are even remotely interested, feel free to send me an e mail.
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you writing this article and the rest of the site is very good.
An intriguing discussion is worth comment. I believe that you should write more on this issue, it might not be a taboo subject but generally people don’t discuss such topics. To the next! All the best!!
I visit day-to-day some websites and websites to read articles or reviews, but this weblog provides quality based articles.
What’s Taking place i’m new to this, I stumbled upon this I have found It positively helpful and it has helped me out loads. I am hoping to give a contribution & aid other users like its helped me. Good job.
I’m curious to find out what blog system you happen to be using? I’m having some minor security problems with my latest website and I’d like to find something more secure. Do you have any solutions?
Thanks for ones marvelous posting! I quite enjoyed reading it, you may be a great author. I will always bookmark your blog and will come back down the road. I want to encourage continue your great posts, have a nice day!
Hey very interesting blog!
Admiring the dedication you put into your website and detailed information you offer. It’s awesome to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same outdated rehashed information. Excellent read! I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m including your RSS feeds to my Google account.
Hi there, I log on to your new stuff regularly. Your story-telling style is awesome, keep up the good work!
Great article, just what I needed.
It is not my first time to go to see this site, i am visiting this site dailly and take nice information from here everyday.
Hello! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be ok. I’m absolutely enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.
Very quickly this web site will be famous among all blogging and site-building people, due to it’s pleasant articles or reviews
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read anything like this before. So good to seek out someone with some unique ideas on this subject. realy thank you for beginning this up. this website is one thing that is wanted on the web, someone with a little bit originality. helpful job for bringing one thing new to the web!
What’s up, I want to subscribe for this website to take most recent updates, thus where can i do it please help.
It’s awesome to go to see this web site and reading the views of all mates concerning this piece of writing, while I am also eager of getting knowledge.
Keep this going please, great job!
I’m typically to running a blog and i really admire your content. The article has actually peaks my interest. I am going to bookmark your site and keep checking for brand spanking new information.
Valuable info. Fortunate me I discovered your website unintentionally, and I am surprised why this coincidence didn’t came about earlier! I bookmarked it.
Hi there just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your content seem to be running off the screen in Firefox. I’m not sure if this is a format issue or something to do with web browser compatibility but I thought I’d post to let you know. The design and style look great though! Hope you get the problem resolved soon. Cheers
I blog frequently and I really appreciate your content. This great article has really peaked my interest. I am going to book mark your site and keep checking for new information about once a week. I subscribed to your RSS feed as well.
Превосходный частный эромассаж Москва цена
I believe that is one of the such a lot vital info for me. And i am satisfied reading your article. But wanna commentary on some general things, The web site style is great, the articles is in reality nice : D. Good task, cheers
One other issue is when you are in a scenario where you do not have a co-signer then you may actually want to try to wear out all of your money for college options. You will discover many grants and other free college funding that will provide you with finances that can help with university expenses. Thank you for the post.
Great post.
I’m not sure why but this site is loading extremely slow for me. Is anyone else having this issue or is it a problem on my end? I’ll check back later and see if the problem still exists.
No matter if some one searches for his necessary thing, so he/she wants to be available that in detail, thus that thing is maintained over here.
I have learned newer and more effective things from a blog post. Yet another thing to I have recognized is that generally, FSBO sellers can reject anyone. Remember, they might prefer not to ever use your services. But if a person maintain a stable, professional partnership, offering support and keeping contact for about four to five weeks, you will usually have the ability to win a business interview. From there, a house listing follows. Cheers
You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this matter to be actually something that I think I would never understand. It seems too complicated and extremely broad for me. I’m looking forward for your next post, I?ll try to get the hang of it!
Im not that much of a online reader to be honest but your blogs really nice, keep it up! I’ll go ahead and bookmark your site to come back in the future. All the best
If some one needs to be updated with most up-to-date technologies afterward he must be pay a visit this web site and be up to date daily.
Thanks for giving your ideas. Another thing is that college students have an option between national student loan and also a private education loan where its easier to decide on student loan consolidation than through the federal student loan.
Thanks for your short article. I would also like to say that a health insurance broker also works best for the benefit of the actual coordinators of the group insurance coverage. The health insurance broker is given a summary of benefits sought by someone or a group coordinator. What any broker really does is hunt for individuals or perhaps coordinators which usually best match those requirements. Then he gifts his recommendations and if both parties agree, the particular broker formulates an agreement between the 2 parties.
I feel this is one of the so much important information for me. And i’m glad reading your article. However wanna observation on few basic things, The website taste is perfect, the articles is in reality nice : D. Good process, cheers
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you writing this article and also the rest of the site is very good.
Wow! This could be one particular of the most helpful blogs We’ve ever arrive across on this subject. Actually Wonderful. I’m also an expert in this topic therefore I can understand your effort.
Incredible points. Outstanding arguments. Keep up the good work.
Greetings! I know this is kind of off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this site? I’m getting tired of WordPress because I’ve had issues with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform. I would be awesome if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.
Thanks for the concepts you write about through this website. In addition, lots of young women who become pregnant do not even make an effort to get health insurance because they worry they probably would not qualify. Although some states at this point require that insurers produce coverage irrespective of the pre-existing conditions. Costs on these types of guaranteed programs are usually larger, but when considering the high cost of medical treatment it may be any safer way to go to protect your financial future.
Hi, I think your blog might be having browser compatibility issues. When I look at your blog in Chrome, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, fantastic blog!
Do you have a spam issue on this website; I also am a blogger, and I was wanting to know your situation; many of us have created some nice procedures and we are looking to swap solutions with other folks, be sure to shoot me an e-mail if interested.
Its like you read my mind! You appear to know so much about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you can do with some pics to drive the message home a little bit, but instead of that, this is fantastic blog. A great read. I will certainly be back.
I always used to read piece of writing in news papers but now as I am a user of web so from now I am using net for posts, thanks to web.
I’ve been exploring for a little bit for any high-quality articles or blog posts in this kind of area . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this site. Reading this info So i’m satisfied to show that I have a very good uncanny feeling I found out exactly what I needed. I so much indisputably will make certain to don?t disregard this web site and give it a look on a continuing basis.
Thanks a lot for the helpful write-up. It is also my opinion that mesothelioma has an very long latency time period, which means that signs of the disease may not emerge until finally 30 to 50 years after the original exposure to mesothelioma. Pleural mesothelioma, which can be the most common sort and impacts the area throughout the lungs, could cause shortness of breath, chest pains, including a persistent coughing, which may produce coughing up our blood.
Usually I do not read article on blogs, but I wish to say that this write-up very forced me to try and do so! Your writing style has been surprised me. Thanks, very nice article.
Wonderful site. Lots of useful information here. I am sending it to some pals ans also sharing in delicious. And naturally, thank you for your effort!
Superb website you have here but I was curious about if you knew of any message boards that cover the same topics talked about in this article? I’d really love to be a part of online community where I can get advice from other knowledgeable individuals that share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know. Kudos!
We are a group of volunteers and opening a new scheme in our community. Your site provided us with valuable information to work on. You’ve done a formidable job and our entire community will be thankful to you.
Nice post. I learn something new and challenging on sites I stumbleupon everyday. It will always be exciting to read content from other writers and practice a little something from their sites.
Thanks for sharing such a good idea, article is nice, thats why i have read it fully
I have been exploring for a little for any high-quality articles or weblog posts on this kind of house . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this website. Studying this information So i?m satisfied to exhibit that I’ve a very excellent uncanny feeling I discovered just what I needed. I most certainly will make sure to don?t disregard this web site and give it a glance on a continuing basis.
I do not even understand how I stopped up right here, however I believed this put up was great. I do not understand who you’re but definitely you are going to a well-known blogger when you aren’t already 😉 Cheers!
WOW just what I was searching for. Came here by searching for %keyword%
Hello just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your post seem to be running off the screen in Ie. I’m not sure if this is a format issue or something to do with web browser compatibility but I thought I’d post to let you know. The design and style look great though! Hope you get the problem solved soon. Many thanks
Thank you for some other fantastic article. Where else may anyone get that kind of information in such a perfect way of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am at the look for such information.
The subsequent time I read a blog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as a lot as this one. I mean, I do know it was my option to read, but I really thought youd have one thing interesting to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about one thing that you may fix for those who werent too busy searching for attention.
Hi there! This post couldn’t be written any better! Going through this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He always kept talking about this. I am going to forward this information to him. Pretty sure he’ll have a very good read. Many thanks for sharing!
Have you ever thought about publishing an e-book or guest authoring on other sites? I have a blog based upon on the same subjects you discuss and would really like to have you share some stories/information. I know my visitors would value your work. If you are even remotely interested, feel free to send me an e mail.
Wow, marvelous blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you make blogging look easy. The overall look of your site is great, let alone the content!
I was suggested this blog by my cousin. I’m not sure whether or not this submit is written by him as no one else know such specific approximately my problem. You are wonderful! Thanks!
It’s remarkable in favor of me to have a website, which is helpful for my experience. thanks admin
Hi there, its good article regarding media print, we all understand media is a impressive source of data.
Thanks for your publication on the traveling industry. I’d personally also like contribute that if your senior thinking of traveling, its absolutely crucial that you buy traveling insurance for older persons. When traveling, elderly people are at greatest risk being in need of a health care emergency. Obtaining right insurance policies package for one’s age group can look after your health and provide peace of mind.
Good day I am so thrilled I found your weblog, I really found you by accident, while I was browsing on Aol for something else, Nonetheless I am here now and would just like to say thank you for a tremendous post and a all round enjoyable blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all at the moment but I have bookmarked it and also added your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a great deal more, Please do keep up the awesome job.
you are really a good webmaster. The web site loading speed is amazing. It seems that you are doing any unique trick. Also, The contents are masterpiece. you have done a excellent job on this topic!
I?ve been exploring for a bit for any high quality articles or weblog posts in this kind of house . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this website. Studying this info So i?m glad to express that I have a very good uncanny feeling I discovered exactly what I needed. I so much no doubt will make certain to don?t omit this website and give it a look regularly.
I think this is one of the so much significant information for me. And i’m satisfied reading your article. However want to statement on few general things, The website taste is ideal, the articles is in reality excellent : D. Good task, cheers
Outstanding quest there. What occurred after? Good luck!
Hi there! I just would like to give you a huge thumbs up for the great info you have here on this post. I will be coming back to your site for more soon.
Why viewers still use to read news papers when in this technological world all is existing on net?
This is my first time go to see at here and i am really happy to read all at one place.
I don’t know if it’s just me or if everyone else experiencing problems with your blog. It appears like some of the text within your posts are running off the screen. Can someone else please comment and let me know if this is happening to them too? This could be a problem with my browser because I’ve had this happen before. Kudos
Great post.
I have been browsing online more than three hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours. It?s pretty worth enough for me. In my opinion, if all site owners and bloggers made good content as you did, the net will be a lot more useful than ever before.
I am really glad to read this blog posts which includes lots of useful information, thanks for providing these information.
I’ve learned quite a few important things through your post. I would also like to say that there is a situation where you will have a loan and do not need a cosigner such as a Fed Student Support Loan. In case you are getting that loan through a conventional bank or investment company then you need to be willing to have a co-signer ready to allow you to. The lenders will base that decision over a few issues but the most important will be your credit score. There are some lenders that will as well look at your job history and make up your mind based on that but in many instances it will be based on on your scores.
Undeniably believe that which you stated. Your favorite justification appeared to be on the net the simplest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I definitely get irked while people consider worries that they plainly do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the whole thing without having side effect , people can take a signal. Will likely be back to get more. Thanks
One important issue is that if you are searching for a education loan you may find that you’ll need a co-signer. There are many scenarios where this is correct because you should find that you do not have a past credit score so the mortgage lender will require you have someone cosign the loan for you. Good post.
You’re so cool! I don’t think I’ve read something like this before. So nice to find someone with some unique thoughts on this subject. Really.. thanks for starting this up. This website is something that’s needed on the web, someone with some originality!